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What is Pip? Pip is the quoted unit for exchange rate changes. Generally the fourth decimal place. 0.0001 is one pip. Yen is an exception - for Yen, 0.01 is one pip. Because Yen is too small. A pip is a unit of measurement for price movements of currencies in foreign exchange (FX) markets. Pip stands for “percentage in point” or “price interest point.” It represents the smallest price variation that a particular exchange rate experiences based on typical FX market convention. ...

In the Web 3 field, what are the star applications? What are their MAU (Monthly Active Users)? For finance-related apps, what’s the monthly transaction volume in USD? Reference 1 (dappradar website) provides real-time data for analysis. Web3 applications differ slightly from current web 2.0 internet applications - all user data and transaction data are transparent. You don’t need to go through the application operator; you can get real operational data from the blockchain. ...

Ethereum is a distributed computer composed of a large number of distributed nodes, where each node can execute bytecode (the so-called smart contracts) and store the results on the blockchain. The entire network is distributed, applications can save state information, and with state information, applications can provide rich and varied services. Ethereum has no centralized nodes - third parties cannot interfere with the entire network’s operation. It can be considered a world computer that never stops running. ...

The concept of Merkle tree was patented by Ralph Merkle in 1979, hence the name. Merkle tree is a binary tree data structure where each leaf node stores the hash value of a data block, and non-leaf nodes store the hash of their two child node values (concatenating the two hash values and then hashing). Hash trees can efficiently and securely verify the content of large data structures. ...

The Bitcoin Whitepaper is a very short paper, only 12 short paragraphs. Published by Satoshi Nakamoto on October 31, 2008. The ideas contained in it later developed into blockchain. The whitepaper is definitely worth reading - it’s a classic among classics in this field. This note starts from the perspective of the Bitcoin whitepaper and adds some understanding of implementation details related to the Bitcoin network. 1. Principles of Bitcoin and Blockchain The goal of the Bitcoin solution is to implement peer-to-peer electronic cash, allowing online payments to be sent directly from one party to another without financial institutions as intermediaries. ...

What is NFT? What is DAO? DeFi? GameFi? SocialFi? What’s in a blockchain wallet? What opportunities does Web 3 present for companies? What opportunities for programmers? Why can the US block Russian users’ crypto transactions? 1. Web1, Web2, Web3 Web1: Main application is creating websites to publish information. Web2: In addition to Web1, there’s interaction. Consumers of information also create content, which is consumed by platforms (viewing ads to generate revenue for platforms). Web3: Combines the decentralization and community management of Web1 with the rich interactive features of Web2. The biggest feature is that users and developers can own content. Web3 is token-driven. According to Chris Dixon @ a16z, Web3 is a network jointly owned by developers and users, driven by tokens. ...

Diagrams extracted from the book “Underlying Logic: Seeing Through the World’s Bottom Line”. Explanations of the diagrams include my own understanding. 1. The Underlying Logic of Right and Wrong 1.1. Don’t Dwell on It “Adults’ world has no right or wrong, only interests.” When you obsess over right and wrong, you’ve already missed the point. Don’t dwell, don’t纠缠. Laugh it off. Jurists and economists are professions; they study right and wrong for academic research. ...

Directus APP uses Vue 3, TypeScript, built with Vite. This article records front-end related knowledge learned during the evaluation of the Directus APP. 1. Vite Build tool, similar to webpack. 1.1. Principle Uses the browser’s ES6 module loading function, so front-end can load JS modules on demand. During development, bundling is not needed. <script type="module" src="./foo.js"></script> The above module-type loaded foo.js can also import other modules and export. Browsers recognize import and export commands in JS and will send requests to the backend to load on demand. ...

1. Collection A Collection corresponds to a table in the database. Directus collections have some unique concepts, such as alias fields and sort attributes. 1.1. Alias Fields that do not map directly to an actual database column are called “alias” fields. For example, presentation fields (such as dividers and groups) and certain relational types that display data stored elsewhere (such as One-to-Many (O2M) and Many-to-Many (M2M)). O2M, M2M, M2A, etc., don’t have actual columns in the table. They are called alias fields. ...

Hip drive is suitable for long distances and is relatively more energy-efficient compared to shoulder drive. Catch (Hold Water) Relax the shoulders, and form a resistance surface for pushing water with the inner side (the side not touched by the sun) of the entire arm. The push water resistance surface includes the inner upper arm, inner forearm, and inner palm. Keep elbows appropriately bent at about 100 degrees. Relax shoulders and armpits, but keep core (abdomen) tight, and maintain a straight body line. ...